After reading my post about things I’m learning in my graphite class, a friend had some questions. Specifically, she was
interested in the part where I talked about a wide range of graphite grades
used sequentially to build value rather than using just one or two. She asked
how different the results are with the two methods. A couple of other readers
commented along the same lines.
I realized my post wasn’t complete in explaining why my instructor
recommends using a range of sequential grades. She stresses this method not
only as a more effective way to build value but also – perhaps more importantly
– to achieve a smoother, more even tone. I thought the best way to explain this
would be to simply show some comparisons:
On the right is a tonal sample I achieved with an HB
pencil applied in multiple layers. On the left, I started with 2H and moved up
one grade at a time to HB. It’s easy enough to reach similar values whether you
use one soft grade or move up gradually from hard to soft. But the one in which
I used HB is splotchier and shows more of the paper’s texture, and it’s
difficult to apply the graphite evenly.
This principle is similar to one we learned in my colored
pencil class, too. It seems counter-intuitive, but using a harder colored
pencil applied with very light pressure in multiple layers makes it easier to cover
the paper’s surface. (I went on to prove this to myself more thoroughly by reviewing a wide variety of colored pencil brands, both hard and soft.)
After I scanned the image above, I kept going with the
same HB pencil on the right. On the left, I used progressively softer grades
all the way up to 4B (see below). With more graphite applied, I covered more of
the tooth, but I can still see some of the horizontal lines that are apparent
in the paper’s grain. (The paper I used here is the Canson XL Bristol “smooth” that
I’ve been using for class exercises, which is not the highest quality or the
smoothest paper available.) To answer my friend’s question, I’d have to the say
the difference is not extreme – unless it’s important to you to achieve as
smooth a tone as possible for whatever you are drawing.
Another difference, though slight (and one that
unfortunately doesn’t show in my scan), is that the HB-only sample is starting
to show more of the “shine” associated with heavy applications of graphite. The
other sample has slightly less shine. When an area of graphite gets that shiny
appearance, it becomes harder and harder to apply more graphite over it.
That graphite shininess is very similar to the point in
colored pencil use that occurs if you apply too much pressure to the pencil
initially. The pressure flattens the paper’s tooth, the wax builds up quickly,
and more pigment cannot be applied. Even without applying too much pressure,
eventually the paper can’t support more pigment, and maybe that’s the same
thing that happens with graphite when it gets shiny.
For work outside my class, it may never be my goal
to achieve the degree of tonal purity and smoothness that I’m learning to
achieve; I usually prefer to show some texture, especially in natural subjects.
You won’t see me applying eight grades of graphite while I’m standing on the sidewalk
sketching a tree. But I appreciate learning this nuance of technique because it
helps me to better understand the nature of the graphite medium in general. And
the more I understand graphite, the more I love it.